小知识，大挑战！本文正在参与“程序员必备小知识”创作活动。
前言：本文主要是讲 Spring 容器的启动过程主要是以题干的方式进行可能不回涉及过多的细节，希望大家阅读本文能对 Spring 源码有一个简单的了解。
环境介绍：
- Spring 5.3.10
- Jdk 11
在前一篇我们一起分析了 getBean Spring 中对象创建的过程，今天我们继续分析 AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#populateBean 方法 Spring 对 Bean 对象进行属性填充（其实也是我们说的自动注入的过程）
获取字段信息
获取 Bean 的字段信息
PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null);
查找 Bean 的模式
通常查找 Bean 的模式有两种 AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME 或者 AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME
if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME || resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);
// Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
// Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
if (resolvedAutowireMode == AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
pvs = newPvs;
}
1. 通过 Bean 名称查找
通过 BeanName 进行 Bean 的查询然后添加到 pvs 中。
protected void autowireByName(
String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {
// 获取非基础类型的属性
String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
// 是否存在这个 beanName
if (containsBean(propertyName)) {
// 获取 bean
Object bean = getBean(propertyName);
pvs.add(propertyName, bean);
registerDependentBean(propertyName, beanName);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Added autowiring by name from bean name '" + beanName +
"' via property '" + propertyName + "' to bean named '" + propertyName + "'");
}
}
else {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Not autowiring property '" + propertyName + "' of bean '" + beanName +
"' by name: no matching bean found");
}
}
}
}
2. 通过 Bean 类型查找
protected void autowireByType(
String beanName, AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, MutablePropertyValues pvs) {
TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
if (converter == null) {
converter = bw;
}
Set<String> autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<>(4);
String[] propertyNames = unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(mbd, bw);
for (String propertyName : propertyNames) {
try {
// 获取需要注入属性的 PropertyDescriptor
PropertyDescriptor pd = bw.getPropertyDescriptor(propertyName);
// Don't try autowiring by type for type Object: never makes sense,
// even if it technically is a unsatisfied, non-simple property.
// 排除 Object 类型
if (Object.class != pd.getPropertyType()) {
// 获取 geng 方法
MethodParameter methodParam = BeanUtils.getWriteMethodParameter(pd);
// Do not allow eager init for type matching in case of a prioritized post-processor.
boolean eager = !(bw.getWrappedInstance() instanceof PriorityOrdered);
DependencyDescriptor desc = new AutowireByTypeDependencyDescriptor(methodParam, eager);
// 解析指定 beanName 的属性所匹配的值，并把解析到的属性名称存储在 autowiredBeanNames 中
// 当属性存在过个封装 bean 时将会找到所有匹配的 bean 并将其注入
Object autowiredArgument = resolveDependency(desc, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, converter);
if (autowiredArgument != null) {
pvs.add(propertyName, autowiredArgument);
}
// 循环 autowiredBeanNames
for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, beanName);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Autowiring by type from bean name '" + beanName + "' via property '" +
propertyName + "' to bean named '" + autowiredBeanName + "'");
}
}
autowiredBeanNames.clear();
}
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, propertyName, ex);
}
}
}
3. 几个重要的方法
- unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties
就是类型为对象类型的属性，但是这里并不是将所有的对象类型都都会找到，比如 8 个原始类型，String 类型 ，Number类型、Date类型、URL类型、URI类型等都会被忽略
protected String[] unsatisfiedNonSimpleProperties(AbstractBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw) {
Set<String> result = new TreeSet<>();
PropertyValues pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
PropertyDescriptor[] pds = bw.getPropertyDescriptors();
for (PropertyDescriptor pd : pds) {
if (pd.getWriteMethod() != null && !isExcludedFromDependencyCheck(pd) && !pvs.contains(pd.getName()) &&
!BeanUtils.isSimpleProperty(pd.getPropertyType())) {
result.add(pd.getName());
}
}
return StringUtils.toStringArray(result);
}
- registerDependentBean
保存属性注入的映射关系
public void registerDependentBean(String beanName, String dependentBeanName) {
String canonicalName = canonicalName(beanName);
synchronized (this.dependentBeanMap) {
Set<String> dependentBeans =
this.dependentBeanMap.computeIfAbsent(canonicalName, k -> new LinkedHashSet<>(8));
if (!dependentBeans.add(dependentBeanName)) {
return;
}
}
synchronized (this.dependenciesForBeanMap) {
Set<String> dependenciesForBean =
this.dependenciesForBeanMap.computeIfAbsent(dependentBeanName, k -> new LinkedHashSet<>(8));
dependenciesForBean.add(canonicalName);
}
}
- resolveDependency
根据类型查找依赖关系
public Object resolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String requestingBeanName,
@Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException {
descriptor.initParameterNameDiscovery(getParameterNameDiscoverer());
if (Optional.class == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {
return createOptionalDependency(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
}
else if (ObjectFactory.class == descriptor.getDependencyType() ||
ObjectProvider.class == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {
return new DependencyObjectProvider(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
}
else if (javaxInjectProviderClass == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {
return new Jsr330Factory().createDependencyProvider(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
}
else {
Object result = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getLazyResolutionProxyIfNecessary(
descriptor, requestingBeanName);
if (result == null) {
result = doResolveDependency(descriptor, requestingBeanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
}
return result;
}
}
//
public Object doResolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String beanName,
@Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException {
InjectionPoint previousInjectionPoint = ConstructorResolver.setCurrentInjectionPoint(descriptor);
try {
// 针对给定的工厂给定一个快捷实现的方式，例如考虑一些预先解析的信息
// 在进入所有bean的常规类型匹配算法之前，解析算法将首先尝试通过此方法解析快捷方式。
// 子类可以覆盖此方法
Object shortcut = descriptor.resolveShortcut(this);
if (shortcut != null) {
return shortcut;
}
// 查找依赖的类型
Class<?> type = descriptor.getDependencyType();
// @Value 获取值
Object value = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getSuggestedValue(descriptor);
if (value != null) {
if (value instanceof String) {
String strVal = resolveEmbeddedValue((String) value);
BeanDefinition bd = (beanName != null && containsBean(beanName) ?
getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName) : null);
value = evaluateBeanDefinitionString(strVal, bd);
}
TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
try {
return converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getTypeDescriptor());
}
catch (UnsupportedOperationException ex) {
// A custom TypeConverter which does not support TypeDescriptor resolution...
return (descriptor.getField() != null ?
converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getField()) :
converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getMethodParameter()));
}
}
// 解析复合类型bean
// 包括：数组、Collection 、Map 类型
Object multipleBeans = resolveMultipleBeans(descriptor, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
if (multipleBeans != null) {
return multipleBeans;
}
// 查找与之匹配的bean
// 返回内容为 key beanName value bean的实例
Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor);
if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
// 是否找到匹配的值
if (isRequired(descriptor)) {
// 如果没有找到 @Autowired 并且 required 属性为 true 抛出异常
raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(type, descriptor.getResolvableType(), descriptor);
}
return null;
}
String autowiredBeanName;
Object instanceCandidate;
if (matchingBeans.size() > 1) {
// 确认给定 bean autowire 的候选者
// 按照 @Primary 和 @Priority 的顺序
autowiredBeanName = determineAutowireCandidate(matchingBeans, descriptor);
if (autowiredBeanName == null) {
if (isRequired(descriptor) || !indicatesMultipleBeans(type)) {
return descriptor.resolveNotUnique(descriptor.getResolvableType(), matchingBeans);
}
else {
// In case of an optional Collection/Map, silently ignore a non-unique case:
// possibly it was meant to be an empty collection of multiple regular beans
// (before 4.3 in particular when we didn't even look for collection beans).
return null;
}
}
instanceCandidate = matchingBeans.get(autowiredBeanName);
}
else {
// We have exactly one match.
Map.Entry<String, Object> entry = matchingBeans.entrySet().iterator().next();
autowiredBeanName = entry.getKey();
instanceCandidate = entry.getValue();
}
if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
autowiredBeanNames.add(autowiredBeanName);
}
if (instanceCandidate instanceof Class) {
instanceCandidate = descriptor.resolveCandidate(autowiredBeanName, type, this);
}
Object result = instanceCandidate;
if (result instanceof NullBean) {
if (isRequired(descriptor)) {
raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(type, descriptor.getResolvableType(), descriptor);
}
result = null;
}
if (!ClassUtils.isAssignableValue(type, result)) {
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(autowiredBeanName, type, instanceCandidate.getClass());
}
return result;
}
finally {
ConstructorResolver.setCurrentInjectionPoint(previousInjectionPoint);
}
}
Bean 的属性设值
赋值属性的操作，获取的属性封装在 PropertyValues 的实例对象 pvs并没有应用到bean中
protected void applyPropertyValues(String beanName, BeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, PropertyValues pvs) {
if (pvs.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && bw instanceof BeanWrapperImpl) {
((BeanWrapperImpl) bw).setSecurityContext(getAccessControlContext());
}
MutablePropertyValues mpvs = null;
// 原始属性
List<PropertyValue> original;
// 判断属性类型
if (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues) {
mpvs = (MutablePropertyValues) pvs;
if (mpvs.isConverted()) {
// Shortcut: use the pre-converted values as-is.
try {
// 属性赋予值
bw.setPropertyValues(mpvs);
return;
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
}
}
original = mpvs.getPropertyValueList();
}
else {
original = Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues());
}
// 自定义转换器
TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
if (converter == null) {
// 不存在使用默认的类型转换
converter = bw;
}
// 获取解析器
BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver = new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this, beanName, mbd, converter);
// 遍历original属性，将属性转换为对应类的对应属性的类型
List<PropertyValue> deepCopy = new ArrayList<>(original.size());
boolean resolveNecessary = false;
for (PropertyValue pv : original) {
if (pv.isConverted()) {
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else {
String propertyName = pv.getName();
// 属性值
Object originalValue = pv.getValue();
if (originalValue == AutowiredPropertyMarker.INSTANCE) {
Method writeMethod = bw.getPropertyDescriptor(propertyName).getWriteMethod();
if (writeMethod == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Autowire marker for property without write method: " + pv);
}
originalValue = new DependencyDescriptor(new MethodParameter(writeMethod, 0), true);
}
Object resolvedValue = valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(pv, originalValue);
// 转换后的值
Object convertedValue = resolvedValue;
boolean convertible = bw.isWritableProperty(propertyName) &&
!PropertyAccessorUtils.isNestedOrIndexedProperty(propertyName);
// 需要转换，使用自定义转换器
if (convertible) {
convertedValue = convertForProperty(resolvedValue, propertyName, bw, converter);
}
// Possibly store converted value in merged bean definition,
// in order to avoid re-conversion for every created bean instance.
if (resolvedValue == originalValue) {
if (convertible) {
// 保存值
pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
}
// 保存 pv
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else if (convertible && originalValue instanceof TypedStringValue &&
!((TypedStringValue) originalValue).isDynamic() &&
!(convertedValue instanceof Collection || ObjectUtils.isArray(convertedValue))) {
pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
// 重新封装属性的值
deepCopy.add(pv);
}
else {
resolveNecessary = true;
deepCopy.add(new PropertyValue(pv, convertedValue));
}
}
}
if (mpvs != null && !resolveNecessary) {
// 标记已经转换
mpvs.setConverted();
}
// Set our (possibly massaged) deep copy.
try {
// 属性依赖注入
bw.setPropertyValues(new MutablePropertyValues(deepCopy));
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
}
}