Spring源码浅析之bean实例的创建过程(二)

 2023-02-10
原文作者:狐言不胡言 原文地址:https://juejin.cn/post/7003604418641952775

在上一篇内容中,介绍了doGetBean方法的源码内容,知道了bean在创建的过程中,有三个范围,单例、多例、Scope,里面都使用到了createBean。下面本篇文章的主要内容,就是围绕createBean来进行展开。


createBean方法

    /**
     * Create a bean instance for the given merged bean definition (and arguments).
     * The bean definition will already have been merged with the parent definition
     * in case of a child definition.
     * <p>All bean retrieval methods delegate to this method for actual bean creation.
     * @param beanName the name of the bean
     * @param mbd the merged bean definition for the bean
     * @param args explicit arguments to use for constructor or factory method invocation
     * @return a new instance of the bean
     * @throws BeanCreationException if the bean could not be created
     */
    protected abstract Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
          throws BeanCreationException;

在AbstractBeanFactory类中,有createBean接口,具体的创建过程交给了子类进行实现:AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory

    /**
     * Central method of this class: creates a bean instance,
     * populates the bean instance, applies post-processors, etc.
     * 创建bean实例、填充bean实例,以及进行一些后置处理
     * @see #doCreateBean
     */
    @Override
    protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
          throws BeanCreationException {
    
       if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
          logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
       }
       RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;
    
       //将bean类名解析为class引用
       Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
       //如果resolvedClass不为空,且bean定义中没有beanClass,且bean定义拥有beanClassName
       if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
          mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
          mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
       }
    
       // Prepare method overrides.
       //准备方法覆盖
       try {
          mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
       }
       catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
          throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
                beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
       }
    
       try {
          // Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
          //给BeanPostProcessors一个创建代理对象的机会
          Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
          if (bean != null) {
             return bean;
          }
       }
       catch (Throwable ex) {
          throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                "BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
       }
    
       try {
          //创建原生的bean实例
          Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
          if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
             logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
          }
          return beanInstance;
       }
       catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
          // A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
          // or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
          throw ex;
       }
       catch (Throwable ex) {
          throw new BeanCreationException(
                mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
       }
    }

mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides()方法的作用,就是验证当前方法是不是被重载了,如果这个方法只重载了一次,那么就设置overloaded为false,来避免参数类型的检查。因为如果这个方法被重载多次,那么在实例化bean实例的时候,就会根据参数类型进行匹配,这一步消耗的时间比较多。

在Spring里面,支持两种方法的覆盖:lookup-method和replace-method,下面简单看下lookup-method的代码示例:

    public class User {
       public void showUser() {
           System.out.println("用户。。。。。。");
       }
    }
    public class Student extends User {
    
        @Override
        public void showUser() {
            System.out.println("学生。。。。。。");
        }
    }
    public abstract class DemoTest {
    
        public void showUser() {
            getBean().showUser();
        }
    
        public abstract User getBean();
    
        public abstract User getBean(String name);
    }
    <bean id="demoTest" class="edu.demo.spring.instantiate.DemoTest" >
       <lookup-method name="getBean" bean="user"></lookup-method>
    </bean>
    <bean id="student" class="edu.demo.spring.instantiate.Student" />
    <bean id="user" class="edu.dongnao.courseware.spring.instantiate.User" />

resolveBeforeInstantiation方法就是通过调用InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor里面的方法,在bean实例化的前后进行一些处理,这里是一个扩展点,它会返回bean实例的代理对象,来干涉bean的实例化。

    //包可见字段,表示bean实例化前后的处理器已经启动
    @Nullable
    volatile Boolean beforeInstantiationResolved;
    @Nullable
    protected Object resolveBeforeInstantiation(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
       Object bean = null;
       //如果bean实例化前后的处理器已经启动,就执行下面的代码
       if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved)) {
          // Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
          //在这里要确保bean类已经被实际解析了
          //如果bean不是Spring容器自己定义的,并且持有InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors
          if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
             //确定给定bean定义的目标类型
             Class<?> targetType = determineTargetType(beanName, mbd);
             if (targetType != null) {
                //bean实例化前的处理
                bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(targetType, beanName);
                if (bean != null) {
                   //bean实例化后的处理
                   bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(bean, beanName);
                }
             }
          }
          mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved = (bean != null);
       }
       return bean;
    }

doCreateBean方法

    /** Cache of unfinished FactoryBean instances: FactoryBean name to BeanWrapper. */
    private final ConcurrentMap<String, BeanWrapper> factoryBeanInstanceCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    protected Object doCreateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
          throws BeanCreationException {
    
       //实例化bean定义
       BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
       //如果bean是单例的,那就先从缓存中获取,然后再进行移除
       if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
          instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
       }
       //这一步就是创建bean实例的主要步骤,里面使用了一些简单的策略,来实例化bean
       //工厂方法、构造函数,简单初始化
       if (instanceWrapper == null) {
          instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
       }
       //获取包装之后的实例对象
       Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
       //获取包装之后的实例对象的类型
       Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
       //如果类型不是空bean,就进行赋值
       if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
          mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
       }
    }

在bean实例化的时候,把bean封装成了BeanWrapper,BeanWrapper主要有下面的作用:

  • Bean的包装
  • 属性编辑器
  • 属性编辑器注册表
  • 类型转换器

createBeanInstance方法

    /** Common lock for the four constructor fields below. */
    final Object constructorArgumentLock = new Object();
    
    /** Package-visible field for caching the resolved constructor or factory method. */
    //包可见字段,用来缓存解析的构造函数和工厂方法
    @Nullable
    Executable resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
    
    /** Package-visible field that marks the constructor arguments as resolved. */
    //包可见字段,用来标识构造函数的参数已经解析了
    boolean constructorArgumentsResolved = false;
    /**
     * 使用实例化策略,为指定的bean创建一个实例
     * 工厂方法、构造器的自动装配、简单实例化
     */
    protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
       // Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
       //解析获得bean对应的class
       Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
    
       //如果beanClass不为空,并且beanClass类的修饰符不是public
       //而且不允许访问非公共的构造函数和方法,那么就抛出异常
       if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
          throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                "Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
       }
    
       //如果存在Supplier实例化回调接口,那么就使用给定的回调方法来创建一个实例对象
       Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = mbd.getInstanceSupplier();
       if (instanceSupplier != null) {
          return obtainFromSupplier(instanceSupplier, beanName);
       }
    
       //如果存在工厂方法,即配置了'factory-method',那么就调用该方法来创建一个实例对象
       if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
          return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
       }
    
       // Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
       //在这里,主要就是判断bean定义的构造方法是不是已经解析了
       //因为找到匹配的构造方法是一个比较繁琐的过程,所以这里在找到后,会设置到bean定义中
       //避免重复的去寻找匹配的构造方法
       boolean resolved = false;
       boolean autowireNecessary = false;
       if (args == null) {
          //加锁
          synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
             //构造方法已经解析出来了
             if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
                resolved = true;
                //方法有参数的话,这里进行设置一下
                autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
             }
          }
       }
       //如果构造方法或者工厂方法已经解析出来了
       if (resolved) {
          //如果有参数,就使用下面的方法进行实例化bean
          if (autowireNecessary) {
             return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
          }
          else {
             //没有参数就使用下面的方法进行实例化bean
             return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
          }
       }
    
       // Candidate constructors for autowiring?
       //如果上面都没有实例化bean,则意味着构造方法或者工厂方法还没有被解析
       
       //通过SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor来获取一些构造方法
       Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
       //如果构造方法不为空,是通过构造器注入的,构造方法持有构造参数,或者定义了一些参数
       if (ctors != null || mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
             mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
          return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
       }
    
       // Preferred constructors for default construction?
       //获取优先的构造函数
       ctors = mbd.getPreferredConstructors();
       if (ctors != null) {
          return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, null);
       }
    
       // No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
       //如果上面都没有实例化,那么就使用默认的构造函数进行实例化,即无参的构造函数
       return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
    }

总结一下步骤:

  1. 首先解析获取到beanName对应的beanClass
  2. 然后进行了判断,beanClass不是空的,修饰符不是public,且不允许访问非公共的方法,就抛出异常
  3. 如果存在Supplier实例化回调接口,那么就使用给定的回调方法来创建一个实例对象,里面调用了方法obtainFromSupplier
  4. 如果配置了factory-method,那么就使用该工厂方法来实例化bean,调用了方法instantiateUsingFactoryMethod
  5. 接下来就是一波判断,判断该bean定义的构造方法是不是已经解析出来了,是不是有参数,参数是不是已经解析出来了
  6. 如果构造方法已经解析出来,且有参数的话,就调用autowireConstructor方法来实例化bean,如果没有参数,就调用instantiateBean方法来实例化bean
  7. 如果上面都没有实例化bean,就获取bean定义的一些构造方法,如果获取到的构造方法不是空的,并且是通过构造器注入的,且构造方法定义了一些参数,或者通过getBean外部传进来了一些参数,就调用autowireConstructor方法来实例化bean
  8. 如果还是没有实例化,就获取优先的构造方法,如果获取到了,就调用autowireConstructor方法来实例化bean
  9. 最后,上面都没有实例化bean,就使用默认的构造方法,即无参构造函数来进行实例化bean,调用了instantiateBean方法

obtainFromSupplier方法

    /**
     * The name of the currently created bean, for implicit dependency registration
     * on getBean etc invocations triggered from a user-specified Supplier callback.
     */
    private final NamedThreadLocal<String> currentlyCreatedBean = new NamedThreadLocal<>("Currently created bean");
    /**
     * 从给定的供应商来获取一个bean实例
     * @param instanceSupplier the configured supplier
     * @param beanName the corresponding bean name
     * @return a BeanWrapper for the new instance
     * @since 5.0
     * @see #getObjectForBeanInstance
     */
    protected BeanWrapper obtainFromSupplier(Supplier<?> instanceSupplier, String beanName) {
       Object instance;
    
       //获取当前线程创建的bean的名称
       String outerBean = this.currentlyCreatedBean.get();
       //设置当前线程创建的bean的名称
       this.currentlyCreatedBean.set(beanName);
       try {
          //通过调用Supplier的get方法,返回一个bean实例
          instance = instanceSupplier.get();
       }
       finally {
          if (outerBean != null) {
             //设置当前线程创建的bean的名称
             this.currentlyCreatedBean.set(outerBean);
          }
          else {
             //移除
             this.currentlyCreatedBean.remove();
          }
       }
    
       //如果instance为空,就创建NullBean 空对象
       if (instance == null) {
          instance = new NullBean();
       }
       //把实例化的bean封装成BeanWrapper
       BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(instance);
       //初始化BeanWrapper对象
       initBeanWrapper(bw);
       //最后返回出去
       return bw;
    }

总结步骤:

  1. 调用Supplier的get方法返回一个bean实例对象
  2. 使用BeanWrapper对bean实例对象进行包装
  3. 初始化BeanWrapper对象

Supplier接口也是用来创建对象的,这里可以替代bean工厂,简单的使用例子如下:

    public class SupplierBean {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
    
            GenericBeanDefinition definition = new GenericBeanDefinition();
            definition.setBeanClass(People.class);
            definition.setInstanceSupplier(SupplierBean::getPeople);
            context.registerBeanDefinition("user2", definition);
            context.refresh();
        }
    
    
        private static People getPeople() {
            return new People("翠花");
        }
    
        static class People {
    
            private String name;
    
            public People(String name) {
                this.name = name;
            }
    
    
        }
    }

instantiateUsingFactoryMethod方法

    protected BeanWrapper instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(
          String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] explicitArgs) {
    
       return new ConstructorResolver(this).instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, explicitArgs);
    }

创建ConstructorResolver对象,然后调用了instantiateUsingFactoryMethod方法:

    public BeanWrapper instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(
          String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] explicitArgs) {
    }

上面的方法比较长,下面按照顺序分段进行。

    //创建BeanWrapperImpl对象
    BeanWrapperImpl bw = new BeanWrapperImpl();
    //初始化BeanWrapperImpl,设置ConversionService类型转换器
    //并且注册了自定义的属性编辑器
    this.beanFactory.initBeanWrapper(bw);
    
    //工厂bean
    Object factoryBean;
    //工厂方法所在的类
    Class<?> factoryClass;
    //是不是静态工厂
    boolean isStatic;
    
    //获取工厂bean的名称
    String factoryBeanName = mbd.getFactoryBeanName();
    //如果工厂bean的名称不为空,即没有配置factory-bean,
    //意味着这是一个非静态工厂
    if (factoryBeanName != null) {
       //如果bean定义里面获取的bean匹配上正在创建的bean,则抛异常
       //工厂bean引用指向了相同的bean定义
       if (factoryBeanName.equals(beanName)) {
          throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                "factory-bean reference points back to the same bean definition");
       }
       //获取工厂bean,即工厂方法所在类的bean,不然的话没办法调用工厂方法
       factoryBean = this.beanFactory.getBean(factoryBeanName);
       //如果bean定义是单例的,并且bean工厂中存在了这个bean,则抛异常,重复创建
       if (mbd.isSingleton() && this.beanFactory.containsSingleton(beanName)) {
          throw new ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException();
       }
       //获取工厂的类
       factoryClass = factoryBean.getClass();
       //标记为非静态工厂
       isStatic = false;
    }
    else {
       // It's a static factory method on the bean class.
       //这是一个静态工厂,如果找不到对应的beanClass,那么就无法调用方法,抛出异常
       if (!mbd.hasBeanClass()) {
          throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                "bean definition declares neither a bean class nor a factory-bean reference");
       }
       //静态工厂不需要工厂bean,这里设置为null
       factoryBean = null;
       //获取到工厂类beanClass
       factoryClass = mbd.getBeanClass();
       //标记为静态工厂
       isStatic = true;
    }

上面一部分代码的作用,主要就是用来获取工厂方法相关的信息,继续往下查看:

    //包可见字段,标志着构造函数已经被解析
    boolean constructorArgumentsResolved = false;
    
    //包可见字段,缓存中已经完全解析的参数字段
    @Nullable
    Object[] resolvedConstructorArguments;
    
    //包可见字段,缓存中准备解析的参数字段
    @Nullable
    Object[] preparedConstructorArguments;
    //工厂方法对象
    Method factoryMethodToUse = null;
    ArgumentsHolder argsHolderToUse = null;
    //相关的参数
    Object[] argsToUse = null;
    
    //如果是通过getBean方法指定了参数,那么就直接使用
    if (explicitArgs != null) {
       argsToUse = explicitArgs;
    }
    //否则,就通过bean定义来获取工厂方法和参数
    else {
       Object[] argsToResolve = null;
       //加锁
       synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
          factoryMethodToUse = (Method) mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
          //如果工厂方法已经被解析过了,并且参数也被解析了
          if (factoryMethodToUse != null && mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved) {
             // Found a cached factory method...
             //解析到的参数
             argsToUse = mbd.resolvedConstructorArguments;
             //如果为空,那就尝试去获取未被解析过的参数
             if (argsToUse == null) {
                argsToResolve = mbd.preparedConstructorArguments;
             }
          }
       }
       //如果获取到了未被解析的参数,那就调用下面的方法进行解析
       if (argsToResolve != null) {
          //处理参数值,进行一些类型转换,比如把配置的String类型转为Int类型:A("1")转为A(1)
          argsToUse = resolvePreparedArguments(beanName, mbd, bw, factoryMethodToUse, argsToResolve, true);
       }
    }

上面的源码内容,是尝试从缓存中获取工厂方法和参数,获取不到就走下面的代码:

    //如果上面没有获取到工厂方法和对应的参数,就走下面的代码
    if (factoryMethodToUse == null || argsToUse == null) {
       // Need to determine the factory method...
       // Try all methods with this name to see if they match the given arguments.
       //获取工厂方法所在类的实例class,因为它可能是cglib包装过的类
       factoryClass = ClassUtils.getUserClass(factoryClass);
    
       List<Method> candidates = null;
       //
       if (mbd.isFactoryMethodUnique) {
          //获取工厂方法
          if (factoryMethodToUse == null) {
             factoryMethodToUse = mbd.getResolvedFactoryMethod();
          }
          //获取所有候选的工厂方法
          if (factoryMethodToUse != null) {
             candidates = Collections.singletonList(factoryMethodToUse);
          }
       }
       //如果候选的工厂方法为空
       if (candidates == null) {
          candidates = new ArrayList<>();
          //获取工厂方法所在的类中所有的方法
          Method[] rawCandidates = getCandidateMethods(factoryClass, mbd);
          //遍历进行过滤
          for (Method candidate : rawCandidates) {
             //是不是和上面的isStatic进行匹配
             //是不是和定义的工厂方法名称一样,是的话就加入到候选方法的集合
             if (Modifier.isStatic(candidate.getModifiers()) == isStatic && mbd.isFactoryMethod(candidate)) {
                candidates.add(candidate);
             }
          }
       }
       
       //如果只找到一个匹配的方法,并且getBean里面传进来的参数explicitArgs是空的,
       //并且bean定义里面也没有参数,就直接调用这个方法进行实例化,然后返回
      if (candidates.size() == 1 && explicitArgs == null && !mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues()) {
       Method uniqueCandidate = candidates.get(0);
       if (uniqueCandidate.getParameterCount() == 0) {
          mbd.factoryMethodToIntrospect = uniqueCandidate;
          synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
             mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = uniqueCandidate;
             mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved = true;
             mbd.resolvedConstructorArguments = EMPTY_ARGS;
          }
          bw.setBeanInstance(instantiate(beanName, mbd, factoryBean, uniqueCandidate, EMPTY_ARGS));
          return bw;
       }
    }

通过上面的代码,找到了所有匹配的工厂方法,那么到底哪个方法是真正匹配上的呢,继续往下看:

    //如果找到的工厂方法大于1,先进行排序
    if (candidates.size() > 1) {  // explicitly skip immutable singletonList
      //public修饰的构造函数优先,然后根据参数数量降序
      //非public的构造函数根据参数数量降序
       candidates.sort(AutowireUtils.EXECUTABLE_COMPARATOR);
    }
    
    //用来存放解析后的方法的参数值
    ConstructorArgumentValues resolvedValues = null;
    //是否是构造器注入的
    boolean autowiring = (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AutowireCapableBeanFactory.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR);
    int minTypeDiffWeight = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    //匹配方法的集合
    Set<Method> ambiguousFactoryMethods = null;
    
    //确定方法参数的入参数量,匹配的方法的参数要等于或者多余它
    
    //方法的参数数量的最小值
    int minNrOfArgs;
    //如果getBean里面指定了参数,那直接使用它作为参数数量的最小值
    if (explicitArgs != null) {
       minNrOfArgs = explicitArgs.length;
    }
    //否则,从bean定义中获取参数的最小值
    else {
       // We don't have arguments passed in programmatically, so we need to resolve the
       // arguments specified in the constructor arguments held in the bean definition.
       //如果bean定义中有参数值
       if (mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues()) {
          //获取到方法的参数
          ConstructorArgumentValues cargs = mbd.getConstructorArgumentValues();
          resolvedValues = new ConstructorArgumentValues();
          //解析定义的参数值,并返回参数数量
          minNrOfArgs = resolveConstructorArguments(beanName, mbd, bw, cargs, resolvedValues);
       }
       else {
         //无参,参数最小值为0
          minNrOfArgs = 0;
       }
    }
    
    //记录UnsatisfiedDependencyException异常的集合
    LinkedList<UnsatisfiedDependencyException> causes = null;

上面一段代码,首先对找到的工厂方法进行了排序,然后确定方法参数的入参数量,后面要找匹配的方法,就是根据参数数量及其类型进行匹配了。

    //遍历候选的方法
    for (Method candidate : candidates) {
       //获取到方法参数的数量
       int parameterCount = candidate.getParameterCount();
    
       //方法参数的数量必须要大于或者等于最小参数值
       if (parameterCount >= minNrOfArgs) {
          //保存参数的对象
          ArgumentsHolder argsHolder;
    
          //获取方法参数的类型
          Class<?>[] paramTypes = candidate.getParameterTypes();
          //如果通过getBean指定了参数,直接使用
          if (explicitArgs != null) {
             // Explicit arguments given -> arguments length must match exactly.
             //指定的参数,参数长度必须完全匹配
             if (paramTypes.length != explicitArgs.length) {
                continue;
             }
             //创建ArgumentsHolder对象
             argsHolder = new ArgumentsHolder(explicitArgs);
          }
          else {
             //否则使用下面的代码解析参数
             // Resolved constructor arguments: type conversion and/or autowiring necessary.
             try {
                String[] paramNames = null;
                //获取到参数名称探测器
                ParameterNameDiscoverer pnd = this.beanFactory.getParameterNameDiscoverer();
                if (pnd != null) {
                   //获取到方法的参数名称
                   paramNames = pnd.getParameterNames(candidate);
                }
                //在给定解析参数的情况下,创建一个ArgumentsHolder对象
                argsHolder = createArgumentArray(beanName, mbd, resolvedValues, bw,
                      paramTypes, paramNames, candidate, autowiring, candidates.size() == 1);
             }
             catch (UnsatisfiedDependencyException ex) {
                if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                   logger.trace("Ignoring factory method [" + candidate + "] of bean '" + beanName + "': " + ex);
                }
                // Swallow and try next overloaded factory method.
                if (causes == null) {
                   causes = new LinkedList<>();
                }
                causes.add(ex);
                continue;
             }
          }
    
          //根据权重来获取最匹配的方法
          //判断是在宽松模式还是在严格模式下进行解析
          //宽松模式:使用具有“最接近的模式”来进行匹配
          //严格模式:解析构造函数时,必须所有的都要进行匹配,否则抛出异常
          int typeDiffWeight = (mbd.isLenientConstructorResolution() ?
                argsHolder.getTypeDifferenceWeight(paramTypes) : argsHolder.getAssignabilityWeight(paramTypes));
          // Choose this factory method if it represents the closest match.
          //如果该工厂方法作为接近,那就使用该工厂方法
          if (typeDiffWeight < minTypeDiffWeight) {
             factoryMethodToUse = candidate;
             argsHolderToUse = argsHolder;
             argsToUse = argsHolder.arguments;
             minTypeDiffWeight = typeDiffWeight;
             ambiguousFactoryMethods = null;
          }
          // Find out about ambiguity: In case of the same type difference weight
          // for methods with the same number of parameters, collect such candidates
          // and eventually raise an ambiguity exception.
          // However, only perform that check in non-lenient constructor resolution mode,
          // and explicitly ignore overridden methods (with the same parameter signature).
          //如果具有相同参数数量的方法具有相同类型的差异权重,那么就把它加入到ambiguousFactoryMethods中
          //但是,只能在非宽容的构造函数解析模式下执行该检查
          //并显式忽略被覆盖的方法(具有相同的参数签名)
          else if (factoryMethodToUse != null && typeDiffWeight == minTypeDiffWeight &&
                !mbd.isLenientConstructorResolution() &&
                paramTypes.length == factoryMethodToUse.getParameterCount() &&
                !Arrays.equals(paramTypes, factoryMethodToUse.getParameterTypes())) {
             if (ambiguousFactoryMethods == null) {
                ambiguousFactoryMethods = new LinkedHashSet<>();
                ambiguousFactoryMethods.add(factoryMethodToUse);
             }
             ambiguousFactoryMethods.add(candidate);
          }
       }
    }

上面一段代码很长,首先遍历了所有的候选方法,然后解析出方法的入参,最后再获取最佳的匹配方法。

    if (factoryMethodToUse == null || argsToUse == null) {
       if (causes != null) {
          UnsatisfiedDependencyException ex = causes.removeLast();
          for (Exception cause : causes) {
             this.beanFactory.onSuppressedException(cause);
          }
          throw ex;
       }
       //。。。。。。省略的代码
       
       //把解析出来的工厂方法和参数进行缓存,防止下次使用时再次解析
       if (explicitArgs == null && argsHolderToUse != null) {
           mbd.factoryMethodToIntrospect = factoryMethodToUse;
           argsHolderToUse.storeCache(mbd, factoryMethodToUse);
        }
     }

最后执行下面的代码:

    //调用工厂方法创建实例,并设置到bw中,然后返回
    bw.setBeanInstance(instantiate(beanName, mbd, factoryBean, factoryMethodToUse, argsToUse));
    return bw;

最后的调用在SimpleInstantiationStrategy类中的instantiate方法:

    Method priorInvokedFactoryMethod = currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.get();
    try {
       currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.set(factoryMethod);
       //调用工厂方法
       Object result = factoryMethod.invoke(factoryBean, args);
       if (result == null) {
          result = new NullBean();
       }
       return result;
    }
    finally {
       if (priorInvokedFactoryMethod != null) {
          currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.set(priorInvokedFactoryMethod);
       }
       else {
          currentlyInvokedFactoryMethod.remove();
       }
    }

可以看到,上面使用到了invoke来进行工厂方法的调用。上面整个流程特别长,下面来总结一下步骤。

总结步骤:

  1. 创建了BeanWrapperImpl对象,然后进行了初始化,设置ConversionService类型转换器,并且注册了自定义的属性编辑器
  2. 然后根据factoryBeanName来判断,这个工厂方法是不是静态工厂
  3. 尝试获取工厂方法和对应的参数,这一步是从缓存中获取
  4. 上面一步获取不到,就去找所有匹配的工厂方法,然后根据方法的参数数量进行匹配
  5. 最后使用反射调用工厂方法进行实例化bean

总而言之,就是要获取到最匹配的工厂方法,然后获取到相关的参数,最后调用该工厂方法进行实例化bean。

autowireConstructor方法

autowireConstructor方法本质上和instantiateUsingFactoryMethod方法类似,一个是找工厂方法,一个是找构造函数,代码里面有很多相似的地方,接下来看一下代码:

    protected BeanWrapper autowireConstructor(
          String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Constructor<?>[] ctors, @Nullable Object[] explicitArgs) {
    
       return new ConstructorResolver(this).autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, explicitArgs);
    }

创建ConstructorResolver对象,然后调用了autowireConstructor方法:

    public BeanWrapper autowireConstructor(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd,
          @Nullable Constructor<?>[] chosenCtors, @Nullable Object[] explicitArgs) {}

这里的代码也比较长,下面进行分段。

    //创建BeanWrapperImpl对象
    BeanWrapperImpl bw = new BeanWrapperImpl();
    //初始化BeanWrapperImpl,设置ConversionService类型转换器
    //并且注册了自定义的属性编辑器
    this.beanFactory.initBeanWrapper(bw);
    
    //构造方法
    Constructor<?> constructorToUse = null;
    ArgumentsHolder argsHolderToUse = null;
    //构造方法的参数
    Object[] argsToUse = null;
    
    //如果getBean中设置了参数,就直接使用
    if (explicitArgs != null) {
       argsToUse = explicitArgs;
    }
    //否则,从bean定义中尝试获取已经解析的构造方法和参数
    else {
       //这里是为了防止再次进行解析,因为前面可能已经解析过了
       Object[] argsToResolve = null;
       //加锁
       synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
          //获取已经解析的构造方法
          constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
          //如果解析后的构造方法不为空,并且参数也被解析过了
          if (constructorToUse != null && mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved) {
             // Found a cached constructor...
             argsToUse = mbd.resolvedConstructorArguments;
             //如果获取到的解析过的构造参数是空的,那么就尝试从bean定义中获取未被解析的构造参数
             if (argsToUse == null) {
                argsToResolve = mbd.preparedConstructorArguments;
             }
          }
       }
       //如果获取到了未被解析的构造参数,那就调用下面的方法进行解析
       if (argsToResolve != null) {
          argsToUse = resolvePreparedArguments(beanName, mbd, bw, constructorToUse, argsToResolve, true);
       }
    }

上面的代码,首先是尝试获取构造方法和参数,如果获取不到就走下面的代码:

    //如果上一步没有找到对应的构造方法和参数,就开始寻找匹配的构造方法
    if (constructorToUse == null || argsToUse == null) {
       // Take specified constructors, if any.
       //获取所有的构造方法,如果指定了构造方法的集合,就使用这个集合chosenCtors
       Constructor<?>[] candidates = chosenCtors;
       if (candidates == null) {
          //获取到beanClass
          Class<?> beanClass = mbd.getBeanClass();
          try {
             candidates = (mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed() ?
                   beanClass.getDeclaredConstructors() : beanClass.getConstructors());
          }
          catch (Throwable ex) {
             throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                   "Resolution of declared constructors on bean Class [" + beanClass.getName() +
                   "] from ClassLoader [" + beanClass.getClassLoader() + "] failed", ex);
          }
       }
    
       //如果只找到了一个构造方法,并且getBean传过来的参数是空的
       //并且bean定义也没有参数,那么就直接调用这个构造方法来返回一个bean实例
       if (candidates.length == 1 && explicitArgs == null && !mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues()) {
          Constructor<?> uniqueCandidate = candidates[0];
          if (uniqueCandidate.getParameterCount() == 0) {
             synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
                mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = uniqueCandidate;
                mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved = true;
                mbd.resolvedConstructorArguments = EMPTY_ARGS;
             }
             bw.setBeanInstance(instantiate(beanName, mbd, uniqueCandidate, EMPTY_ARGS));
             return bw;
          }
       }
    }

上面一部分代码,是开始获取构造函数和方法了。

    // Need to resolve the constructor.
    //是否是构造器注入
    boolean autowiring = (chosenCtors != null ||
          mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AutowireCapableBeanFactory.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR);
    //用来存放解析后的方法的参数值
    ConstructorArgumentValues resolvedValues = null;
    
    //方法参数值的最小数量
    int minNrOfArgs;
    //如果getBean传来的参数不为空,就直接使用它的长度作为参数值的最小数量
    if (explicitArgs != null) {
       minNrOfArgs = explicitArgs.length;
    }
    //否则,从bean定义中获取
    else {
       //获取构造参数
       ConstructorArgumentValues cargs = mbd.getConstructorArgumentValues();
       resolvedValues = new ConstructorArgumentValues();
       //解析构造参数,并返回参数的数量
       minNrOfArgs = resolveConstructorArguments(beanName, mbd, bw, cargs, resolvedValues);
    }
    //进行排序,public优先,参数个数多的优先
    AutowireUtils.sortConstructors(candidates);
    int minTypeDiffWeight = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
    Set<Constructor<?>> ambiguousConstructors = null;
    LinkedList<UnsatisfiedDependencyException> causes = null;

上面的内容,是获取构造方法的入参数量,下面会根据这个参数的数量来进行匹配:

    //遍历所有的构造函数
    for (Constructor<?> candidate : candidates) {
       //获取构造参数的数量
       int parameterCount = candidate.getParameterCount();
    
       //如果已经存在匹配的构造函数和参数,则跳出循环
       if (constructorToUse != null && argsToUse != null && argsToUse.length > parameterCount) {
          // Already found greedy constructor that can be satisfied ->
          // do not look any further, there are only less greedy constructors left.
          break;
       }
       //如果这个构造函数的参数小于最小参数值,则不符合
       if (parameterCount < minNrOfArgs) {
          continue;
       }
    
      //用来保存参数的对象
       ArgumentsHolder argsHolder;
       Class<?>[] paramTypes = candidate.getParameterTypes();
       if (resolvedValues != null) {
          try {
             //获取构造方法的参数名称
             String[] paramNames = ConstructorPropertiesChecker.evaluate(candidate, parameterCount);
             if (paramNames == null) {
                //如果没有获取到,再使用ParameterNameDiscoverer来获取
                ParameterNameDiscoverer pnd = this.beanFactory.getParameterNameDiscoverer();
                if (pnd != null) {
                   paramNames = pnd.getParameterNames(candidate);
                }
             }
             //在给定解析参数的情况下,创建一个ArgumentsHolder对象
             argsHolder = createArgumentArray(beanName, mbd, resolvedValues, bw, paramTypes, paramNames,
                   getUserDeclaredConstructor(candidate), autowiring, candidates.length == 1);
          }
          catch (UnsatisfiedDependencyException ex) {
             if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace("Ignoring constructor [" + candidate + "] of bean '" + beanName + "': " + ex);
             }
             // Swallow and try next constructor.
             if (causes == null) {
                causes = new LinkedList<>();
             }
             causes.add(ex);
             continue;
          }
       }
       else {
          // Explicit arguments given -> arguments length must match exactly.
          //给出的显式参数->参数长度必须完全匹配
          if (parameterCount != explicitArgs.length) {
             continue;
          }
          //创建ArgumentsHolder对象
          argsHolder = new ArgumentsHolder对象(explicitArgs);
       }
    
       //根据权重来获取最匹配的方法
      //判断是在宽松模式还是在严格模式下进行解析
      //宽松模式:使用具有“最接近的模式”来进行匹配
      //严格模式:解析构造函数时,必须所有的都要进行匹配,否则抛出异常
       int typeDiffWeight = (mbd.isLenientConstructorResolution() ?
             argsHolder.getTypeDifferenceWeight(paramTypes) : argsHolder.getAssignabilityWeight(paramTypes));
       // Choose this constructor if it represents the closest match.
       if (typeDiffWeight < minTypeDiffWeight) {
          constructorToUse = candidate;
          argsHolderToUse = argsHolder;
          argsToUse = argsHolder.arguments;
          minTypeDiffWeight = typeDiffWeight;
          ambiguousConstructors = null;
       }
       else if (constructorToUse != null && typeDiffWeight == minTypeDiffWeight) {
          if (ambiguousConstructors == null) {
             ambiguousConstructors = new LinkedHashSet<>();
             ambiguousConstructors.add(constructorToUse);
          }
          ambiguousConstructors.add(candidate);
       }
    }

上面这么长的代码,就是根据参数的数量和类型,来获取最为匹配的构造方法

    //把解析出来的构造方法和参数进行缓存,防止下次使用时再次解析
    if (explicitArgs == null && argsHolderToUse != null) {
       argsHolderToUse.storeCache(mbd, constructorToUse);
    }
    //调用构造方法创建实例,并设置到bw中,然后返回
    Assert.state(argsToUse != null, "Unresolved constructor arguments");
    bw.setBeanInstance(instantiate(beanName, mbd, constructorToUse, argsToUse));
    return bw;

然后进入到InstantiationStrategy类中,查看调用的接口:

    //通过指定的构造函数实例化bean对象
    Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,
          Constructor<?> ctor, Object... args) throws BeansException;

看下具体的实现:

    @Override
    public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,
          final Constructor<?> ctor, Object... args) {
    
       //bean是否存在方法重写,如果不存在就使用newInstance实例化
       //否则使用cglib实例化
       if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
          if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
             // use own privileged to change accessibility (when security is on)
             AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
                ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ctor);
                return null;
             });
          }
          return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(ctor, args);
       }
       else {
          return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner, ctor, args);
       }
    }

来看下BeanUtils.instantiateClass方法:

    try {
       ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ctor);
       if (KotlinDetector.isKotlinReflectPresent() && KotlinDetector.isKotlinType(ctor.getDeclaringClass())) {
          return KotlinDelegate.instantiateClass(ctor, args);
       }
       else {
          Class<?>[] parameterTypes = ctor.getParameterTypes();
          Assert.isTrue(args.length <= parameterTypes.length, "Can't specify more arguments than constructor parameters");
          Object[] argsWithDefaultValues = new Object[args.length];
          for (int i = 0 ; i < args.length; i++) {
             if (args[i] == null) {
                Class<?> parameterType = parameterTypes[i];
                argsWithDefaultValues[i] = (parameterType.isPrimitive() ? DEFAULT_TYPE_VALUES.get(parameterType) : null);
             }
             else {
                argsWithDefaultValues[i] = args[i];
             }
          }
          return ctor.newInstance(argsWithDefaultValues);
       }
    }

如果使用cglib会进入CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy类中:

    Class<?> subclass = createEnhancedSubclass(this.beanDefinition);
    Object instance;
    if (ctor == null) {
       instance = BeanUtils.instantiateClass(subclass);
    }
    else {
       try {
          Constructor<?> enhancedSubclassConstructor = subclass.getConstructor(ctor.getParameterTypes());
          instance = enhancedSubclassConstructor.newInstance(args);
       }
       catch (Exception ex) {
          throw new BeanInstantiationException(this.beanDefinition.getBeanClass(),
                "Failed to invoke constructor for CGLIB enhanced subclass [" + subclass.getName() + "]", ex);
       }
    }
    // SPR-10785: set callbacks directly on the instance instead of in the
    // enhanced class (via the Enhancer) in order to avoid memory leaks.
    Factory factory = (Factory) instance;
    factory.setCallbacks(new Callback[] {NoOp.INSTANCE,
          new LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor(this.beanDefinition, this.owner),
          new ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor(this.beanDefinition, this.owner)});
    return instance;

总结步骤:

  1. 创建了BeanWrapperImpl对象,然后进行了初始化,设置ConversionService类型转换器,并且注册了自定义的属性编辑器
  2. 尝试获取构造方法和参数,如果getBean指定了参数就直接使用,否则从bean定义中取获取。从bean定义首先获取已经解析的构造方法和参数,如果获取到了尚未被解析的参数,那么就进行解析
  3. 获取所有匹配的构造方法,如果直接指定了构造方法的集合chosenCtors,就直接使用。如果当前获取到的构造方法只有一个,并且getBean没有指定参数,而且从bean定义中也获取不到,那么就调用这个构造方法进行实例的创建
  4. 上面一步如果没有实例化,就开始确定参数的最小数量,要找的构造方法的参数的数量要大于等于它,然后使用权重找到最匹配的构造方法
  5. 最后使用newInstance或者cglib实例化出一个bean实例

总而言之,就是要找到匹配的构造方法,如果有参数,就要进行注入,然后调用这个构造函数来实例化一个bean

instantiateBean方法

使用默认的无参构造函数进行实例化,来看下代码:

    /**
     * 使用默认的无参构造函数实例化bean.
     * @param beanName the name of the bean
     * @param mbd the bean definition for the bean
     * @return a BeanWrapper for the new instance
     */
    protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
       try {
          Object beanInstance;
          //权限验证
          if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
             //获取InstantiationStrategy对象,调用instantiate方法来创建实例对象
             beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged(
                   (PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, this),
                   getAccessControlContext());
          }
          else {
             //获取InstantiationStrategy对象,调用instantiate方法来创建实例对象
             beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, this);
          }
          //保存实例化的bean
          BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
          //初始化BeanWrapper
          initBeanWrapper(bw);
          return bw;
       }
       catch (Throwable ex) {
          throw new BeanCreationException(
                mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
       }
    }

看下SimpleInstantiationStrategy类中instantiate方法:

    @Override
    public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
       // Don't override the class with CGLIB if no overrides.
       //如果没有方法覆盖,就使用反射来进行实例化
       if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
          Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
          //加锁
          synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
             //尝试从bean定义中获取已经解析的构造函数
             constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
             //如果为空,就使用默认的构造函数
             if (constructorToUse == null) {
                //获取class
                final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();
                //如果这个类是接口,抛出异常
                if (clazz.isInterface()) {
                   throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
                }
                try {
                   if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
                     //从clazz中获取构造方法
                      constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(
                            (PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);
                   }
                   else {
                      //获取默认的构造方法
                      constructorToUse = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
                   }
                   //设置resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod,即这个构造方法已经被解析了
                   bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
                }
                catch (Throwable ex) {
                   throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
                }
             }
          }
          //通过反射实例化
          return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
       }
       else {
          // Must generate CGLIB subclass.
          //通过CGLIB生成一个子类对象
          return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);
       }
    }

总结步骤:

  1. 首先看是否有方法覆盖,如果没有就使用反射进行实例化
  2. 如果没有找到已经解析出来的构造函数,就使用默认的构造函数
  3. 通过这个默认的构造函数实例化bean对象
  4. 如果存在方法覆盖,就使用CGLIB生成一个子类对象

好了,到此整个bean的创建过程源码,就已经看的差不多了,如有错误请指正,多谢!